What is OXPS?
OXPS (Open XML Paper Specification) is the Ecma International standardized version of Microsoft's XPS format, designed as a Windows-native alternative to PDF. Uses Open XML structure (ZIP container with XML markup) to preserve exact document layout, fonts, images, and vector graphics. OXPS guarantees documents look identical across devices and printers. Supported natively in Windows 8+ with built-in viewer. Uses XAML-based page descriptions.
OXPS is used primarily in Windows environments for document archival, print workflows, and situations requiring fixed layouts. Windows 8+ uses OXPS as default "Print to File" format. Some enterprise document management systems support OXPS. However, OXPS has limited adoption outside Windows - PDF dominates cross-platform document sharing. OXPS offers better integration with Windows printing subsystem and .NET applications. Can be converted to PDF for universal compatibility.
History
Microsoft developed XPS as a PDF competitor, later submitting it to Ecma International for standardization, resulting in the Open XPS (OXPS) specification.
Key Milestones
- 2006: Original XPS (.xps) released
- 2007: Vista native XPS support
- 2009: Ecma-388 OXPS standard
- 2012: Windows 8 OXPS default
- 2013: ISO/IEC 29500 standardization
- Present: Windows-native format
Key Features
Core Capabilities
- Fixed Layout: Exact page fidelity
- Open XML: Standardized format
- Vector Graphics: Scalable content
- Font Embedding: Typography preservation
- Transparency: Alpha channels
- Digital Signatures: Document security
Common Use Cases
Windows Printing
"Print to File" format
Document Archival
Windows-based systems
Enterprise
.NET application output
Workflows
Document preservation
Advantages
- Native Windows support (8+)
- Open XML standardized format
- Excellent print fidelity
- Vector graphics support
- .NET framework integration
- Digital signature capability
- Smaller files than some PDFs
Disadvantages
- Limited non-Windows support
- PDF dominates cross-platform use
- Fewer viewers and tools than PDF
- Low adoption rate globally
- Compatibility issues on Mac/Linux
- Not suitable for web distribution
Technical Information
Format Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| File Extension | .oxps |
| MIME Type | application/oxps |
| Base Format | Open XML (ZIP container) |
| Page Description | XAML-based markup |
| Standard | Ecma-388, ISO/IEC 29500 |
| Status | Active (Windows-centric) |
Common Tools
- Windows: XPS Viewer (built-in Windows 8+)
- Creation: Windows "Print to OXPS" driver
- Conversion: Microsoft XPS Document Writer, online converters
- Development: .NET XPS Document API