What is DCR?
DCR (Digital Camera Raw) is Kodak's proprietary raw image format - unprocessed sensor data from Kodak professional digital cameras. Used by: Kodak DCS series (DCS 760, DCS Pro 14n, DCS Pro SLR/n, DCS Pro SLR/c), early professional DSLRs (1990s-2000s). Contains: 12-bit raw sensor readings, camera metadata (ISO, shutter, aperture, white balance settings), embedded JPEG preview. DCR preserves maximum image quality and editing flexibility - adjust white balance, exposure, color post-capture. Kodak cameras were pioneering professional digital bodies (1991 DCS 100 - first commercially available DSLR).
DCR files are legacy format - Kodak exited digital camera business (2012). Historical significance: photojournalism, sports photography, studio work in 1990s-2000s. Major newspapers used Kodak DCS cameras. Modern support: Adobe Lightroom, Capture One, RawTherapee can open DCR. Workflow: import DCR → edit in raw processor → export JPEG/TIFF. File sizes: 10-20 MB (depending on sensor resolution). DCR vs modern raw: similar concept (unprocessed sensor data), but Kodak's proprietary format. Alternative formats: Canon CR2, Nikon NEF, Adobe DNG (open standard). Many DCR users converted to DNG for long-term archival.
History
Kodak pioneered professional digital photography with DCS cameras, creating DCR format to preserve raw sensor data for professional workflows.
Key Milestones
- 1991: DCS 100 first DSLR ($13,000)
- 1995: DCS 460 (6 MP pro camera)
- 2002: DCS Pro 14n (13.9 MP full-frame)
- 2006: Final DCS cameras (Pro SLR/c)
- 2012: Kodak exits digital cameras
- Present: Legacy format (archival)
Key Features
Core Capabilities
- 12-bit Raw: Unprocessed sensor data
- Full Metadata: Camera settings preserved
- Professional Quality: Maximum editing latitude
- JPEG Preview: Embedded thumbnail
- White Balance: Adjustable post-capture
- Legacy Support: Lightroom, Capture One
Common Use Cases
Photojournalism
News, press photography (2000s)
Sports
Action photography
Studio
Commercial photography
Archival
Historical photo preservation
Advantages
- 12-bit raw data (maximum quality)
- Professional camera metadata
- Non-destructive editing
- Historical significance (pioneering DSLR)
- Lightroom/Capture One support
- Flexible white balance adjustment
- Superior to JPEG from same cameras
Disadvantages
- Legacy format (Kodak exited cameras 2012)
- Proprietary (limited tool support)
- Kodak cameras discontinued
- Large file sizes (10-20 MB)
- Limited modern usage
- Requires raw processing software
Technical Information
Format Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| File Extension | .dcr |
| MIME Type | image/x-kodak-dcr |
| Developer | Kodak |
| Bit Depth | 12-bit per channel |
| Cameras | Kodak DCS series (DCS 760, Pro 14n, Pro SLR) |
| Status | Legacy (Kodak exited cameras 2012) |
Common Tools
- Editing: Adobe Lightroom, Capture One, RawTherapee
- Conversion: Adobe DNG Converter, dcraw (CLI)
- Viewing: FastStone, IrfanView (plugins)
- Cameras: Kodak DCS 760, DCS Pro 14n, DCS Pro SLR/n/c (discontinued)