What is BAK?
BAK (.bak) files are backup copies of original files. When software modifies a file, it often creates a .bak copy first to enable recovery if something goes wrong. BAK files contain identical content to the original file at the time of backup. To use a BAK file, rename it back to the original extension (e.g., document.bak → document.docx).
Common sources include text editors (Notepad++, Sublime), CAD software (AutoCAD), databases (SQL Server), configuration files, and any software offering automatic backup functionality.
History
The .bak extension is a convention dating back to early computing when file recovery tools were limited. Software developers adopted it as a simple way to indicate backup copies.
Key Milestones
- 1970s-80s: Early text editors create .bak backups
- 1990s: Windows applications standardize on .bak
- 2000s: Database systems use .bak for SQL backups
- 2010s: CAD and design software adopt format
- Present: Universal backup indicator
Key Features
Core Capabilities
- Exact Copy: Identical to original file
- Easy Recovery: Rename to restore
- Automatic Creation: Software-generated
- Version History: Preserve older versions
- No Special Format: Original file structure
- Safety Net: Recover from mistakes
Common Use Cases
Databases
SQL Server .bak backups
CAD Files
AutoCAD drawing backups
Text Editors
Source code backups
Config Files
Settings preservation
Advantages
- Simple recovery process
- No special software required
- Preserves original content
- Automatic generation
- Universal convention
- Easy to identify backups
Disadvantages
- Takes up storage space
- Can clutter directories
- No compression (usually)
- Single version only (typically)
- May contain sensitive data
Technical Information
Format Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| File Extension | .bak |
| MIME Type | application/octet-stream |
| Format Type | Generic backup |
| Content | Copy of original file |
| Structure | Same as original |
| Recovery | Rename to original extension |
Common Tools
- Creation: Text editors, databases, CAD software
- Recovery: Rename file extension
- Management: File explorers, backup tools