XMP (Extensible Metadata Platform) is a metadata standard created by Adobe in 2001 for embedding information into digital files. Unlike EXIF which is limited to photos, XMP works with images, videos, PDFs, and other file types.
Key Difference:
EXIF = Camera-generated technical data | XMP = User-editable descriptive metadata
EXIF = Camera-generated technical data | XMP = User-editable descriptive metadata
What Information Does XMP Store?
- Descriptive: Title, caption, keywords, ratings
- Rights Management: Copyright, creator, usage terms
- Workflow: Edit history, version tracking
- Camera Data: Can include EXIF data
- Custom Fields: User-defined properties
Why is XMP Important?
For Photographers:
- Lightroom stores all edits in XMP (non-destructive)
- Sync ratings and keywords across devices
- Organize photo libraries with metadata
For Designers:
- Track project versions in Photoshop/Illustrator
- Embed copyright and licensing info
- Collaborate with consistent metadata
XMP vs EXIF vs IPTC
- EXIF: Automatic camera data (shutter, aperture, ISO)
- IPTC: Legacy metadata standard (caption, keywords)
- XMP: Modern, extensible format that can contain both
Where is XMP Data Stored?
Embedded: Inside the file (JPG, TIFF, PSD, AI, PDF)
Sidecar Files: For RAW files (CR2, NEF, ARW), XMP is saved as .xmp sidecar file
Example: IMG_1234.CR2 has IMG_1234.xmp
How to View/Edit XMP Data
- Adobe Lightroom: Built-in metadata panel
- Adobe Bridge: Dedicated metadata editor
- Photoshop: File Info dialog (File → File Info)
- ExifTool: Command-line tool for advanced users